Rangkuman Materi Bahasa Inggris Passive Voice

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KANTINPENDIDIKAN.COM - Simak penjelasan tentang passive voice dan rumus passive voice serta contoh dan perubahan active voice menjadi voice berikut ini. Passive voice juga sering muncul dalam tes viera dan tes TOEIC SMK. Soal latihan reading section tes viera  untuk persiapan tes TOEIC dapat kalian pelajari DISINI.

Pola Kalimat Pasif : to be + Past Participle/Verb 3

• Andrew is installing the new version of WhatsApp now. (Active Voice)
• The new version of WhatsApp is being installed by Andrew now. (Passive Voice)

Pelajari kedua contoh kalimat diatas

Pada passive voice, objek kalimat biasanya berada dibagian depan, muncul sebelum to be (bentuk to be bisa singula/plural menyesuaikan dengan objeknya singular/plural). 

Active Voice pada contoh diatas menggunakan Present Continuous Tense sehingga bentuk Passive Voice nya menggunakan tense yang sama. 

Sedangkan kata kerja install (present form/verb 1) berubah menjadi installed (past participle/verb 3). 

Lebih lengkapnya cek daftar perubahan kata kerja baik yang secara beraturan (regular verb) ataupun tidak beraturan (irregular verb).

Beberapa hal yang berkaitan dengan kalimat pasif

1. to be
2. perubahan pronoun (subjek kalimat), bentuk objek (singular/plural?)
3. Past participle atau sering disebut dengan verb 3 (regular/irregular verb?)

To be (ada 8) dan penggunaannya dalam kalimat pasif

1. Be jika Active Voice menggunakan modal auxiliary seperti will, would, can, could dsb.
2. Is, am, are jika Active Voice menggunakan simple present tense
3. Was, were jika  Active Voice menggunakan simple past tense
4. Being jika Active Voice menggunakan bentuk continuous tense
5. Been jika Active Voice menggunakan bentuk perfect tense

Contoh Perubahan kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif

Berikut ini contoh perubahan kalimat aktif menjadi pasif dalam bentuk simple, continuous dan perfect (ada dua pola  lain yang tidak dibahas disini yaitu bentuk pasif yang mengggunakan impersonal “it” dan yang mmenggunakan bentuk “gerund”. 

Contoh kalimat dibawah ini menggunakan kata kerja (verb) yang sama untuk mempermudah memahami pola  Passive Voice.

Kalimat Pasif Pada Tenses Bentuk Simple

Simple Present Tense (is, am, are + verb 3)

Active : He writes a letter.

Passive : A letter is written by him.

Active : He writes some letters.

Passive : Some letters are written by him.

Simple Past Tense (was, were + verb 3)

Active : He wrote a letter.

Passive : A letter was written by him.

Active : He wrote some letters.

Passive : Some letters were written by him.

Simple Future (be + verb 3)

Active : He will write a letter.

Passive : A letter will be written by him.

Active : He will write some letters.

Passive : Some letters will be written by him.

Kalimat pasif pada tenses bentuk continuous (-ING form)

Present Continuous Tense (is, am, are+ being + verb 3)

Active : He is writing a letter.

Passive : A letter is being written by him.

Active : He is writing some letters.

Passive : Some letters are being written by him.

Past Continuous Tense (was, were + being + verb 3)

Active : He was writing a letter.

Passive : A letter was written by him.

Active : He was writing some letters.

Passive : Some letters were being written by him.

Future Continuous (will + be + being + verb 3)

Active : He will be writing a letter.

Passive : A letter will be being written by him.

Active : He will be writing some letters.

Passive : Some letters will be being written by him.

Kalimat pasif menggunakan bentuk perfect tensse (have/ has + past participle)

Present Perfect

Active : They have written a letter.

Passive : A letter has been written by them.

Active : They have written some letters.

Passive : Some letters have been written by him.

Active :  He has written a letter.

Passive : A letter has been written by him.

Past Perfect

Active : They had written a letter.

Passive : A letter had been written by them.

Active : They had written some letters.

Passive : Some letters had been written by them.

Active : He had written a letter.

Passive : A letter had been written by him.

Active : He had written some letters.

Passive : Some letters had been written by him.

Cara mengubah kalimat aktif mmenjadi kalimat pasif

Step 1. Cari tense yang digunakan dalam Active Voice dengan melihat predikat/keterangan waktu yang digunakan. Tujuannya adalah untuk menentukan pilihan bentuk to be/auxiliary seperti will, have, has, had yang tepat.

Step 2. Tentukan bentuk objek pada Active Voice 

Step 3. Pilih bentuk to be yang dari pilihan to be step 1 (singular/plural?)

Step 4. Cek pada tabel perubahan bentuk kata kerja. Lihat kolom past participle. Dari tabel tersebut bisa diketahui kata kerja bentuk ketiga/ verb 3 nya.

Step 5. Susunlah dengan pola active voice yakni TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE/VERB 3

Step 6. Tulislah passive voice nya dengan memindah objek kedepan subjek kebelakang (biasanya sebelum subjek ada kata depan/preposisi by, tapi tidak selalu. Subjeknyapun juga tidak selalu disebutkan kalau tidak jelas namanya (kalau orang), kemudian juga untuk kalimat dalam konteks tertentu.

 

Catatan

•  Active voice yang bisa diubah adalah kalimat yang kata kerjanya disertai objek.  
•  Pola passive voice diatas tidak bisa diterpkan pada tense tertentu

Demikian rangkuman materi tentang kalimat pasif dalam Bahasa Inggris. Terima kasih.